DALIO / 2.0
Contents
01Strategy & investment research

DALIO2.0

The new world order.
Artificial intelligence.
The capital that connects them.

Explore the thesis
2035PRIMARY HORIZON
TechnologyPowerCapitalEnergy
2026 → 2035   /   EXTENSION TO 204511 CHAPTERS · 5 SCENARIOS · 16 INSTRUMENTS12 SEPTEMBER 2026
Interactive overview of the DALIO 2.0 report.GIANPAOLO MARCUCCI   /   01 — 11
02The work in one minute

From one big cycle
to five futures.

01

Dalio: the forces.

The Big Cycle links the rise and decline of powers to debt, innovation, productivity, inequality and conflict. In the 2021 book, US–China rivalry brings the historical lesson up to date. Succession remains a possibility, not a destiny.

02

Tetlock: the method.

Break the grand thesis into verifiable questions. Assign probabilities, record judgements before events occur and update them as the evidence changes. Look also for whatever could prove the forecast wrong.

03

Marcucci: the extension.

Separate power by domain; add multipolarity, AI and digital finance. Build five scenarios and connect them to Italy, investments and instruments. Keep a history of revisions in order to learn from mistakes.

Dalio’s forces, Tetlock’s discipline, a map of power that can change.

Open trends and quarterly revisions
03Multipolarity and interdependence

The advantage
lies in the node.

Select a pole and observe its function within the system.

United States

Global finance, cloud and technology capital

Market depth and the innovation ecosystem sustain a persistent leadership in essential domains.

Constraint: converting capex and AI capacity into productivity, cohesion and fiscal sustainability.

Networked
power
MUTUAL DEPENDENCIES
04The observable system

Three geographies.
No winner across every domain.

AI capital is American.

194bn $

AI venture capital to the US · 2025

USA194
EU2715.8
China13.9
USD billions, selected countries. OECD / Preqin ↗

Robotic scale is Chinese.

295thousand

Robots installed in China · 2024

China295
USA34.2
Italy8.8
Thousands of new installations; not stock or a measure of AI. IFR ↗

Reserves stay in dollars.

≈57%

USD share of foreign-exchange reserves · 2025

USD57%
EUR20%
RMB2%
Rounded shares. Gold excluded; other currencies ≈21%. ECB ↗
Industrial primacy is not enough to replace a global currency.

Reading power by domain makes visible advantages that a single indicator of strength would conceal.

Report data with distinct periods; each comparison keeps its own perimeter.GIANPAOLO MARCUCCI   /   04 — 11
05The monetary dimension

Digital finance
has three directions.

The currency, the asset and the platform can evolve in different ways.

Function and power

A non-sovereign alternative.

The protocol allows BTC to be held and transferred without a state monetary issuer. The price also depends on adoption, access and liquidity.

Demand for an alternative asset can grow without replacing the unit of account of trade or dollar funding.

Implication for the investor

Scarcity does not guarantee stability. Bitcoin should be assessed separately from gold and from the progress of tokenisation.

VBTC is an example of access via ETN: 1.00% per year, ISIN DE000A28M8D0. Compare vehicles, custody and total cost.

Explore Bitcoin

A force that cuts across the five scenarios. The initial probabilities remain unchanged.

06The variable that runs through the cycle

One technology.
Two possible trajectories.

Capacity → adoption → returns

The productivity dividend

  1. Complementary skills and processes
  2. More output and better margins
  3. Investment, wages and tax revenue
AI
Automation → distribution → institutions

The pressure on cohesion

  1. Concentrated profits and labour transitions
  2. Poorly distributed incomes and opportunities
  3. Social tensions and political conflict
Electricity consumption of global data centres
485TWh · 2025
950TWh · 2030, IEA projection

Electricity connects the models to the physical economy.
Grids, connections and operating capacity can become bottlenecks.

07Horizon 2026–2035

Five futures.
One discipline.

Select a scenario to connect macroeconomics, themes and risks.

Initial weights from the report: 100% in total.
Strategic judgements to be updated quarterly; not estimated frequencies.

S1 · initial weight 35%

More poles. Shared growth.

AI diffuses, the US retains leadership in some domains and trade reorganises without breaking apart.

GrowthExpanding
InflationModerate
OrderSelective cooperation
Exposures to look for
Global equities · power grids · automation
Physical capital remains exposed to funding costs, regulation and the price paid.
Explore the instruments
Competing scenarios from the report. S5 comprises a disinflationary branch and a fiscal-stress branch.GIANPAOLO MARCUCCI   /   07 — 11
08From the future to the portfolio

Every exposure
has its anti-scenario.

Selected: S1 · Managed multipolarity

Select a column. The scenario detail and the instruments stay synchronised.
Theme / asset class
Global equities+++++−−
US technology+++0−−
Semiconductors+++++−−
Industrial automation+++0++
Listed infrastructure+++
Electricity and grids+++0+0
Defence and cyber+++++0
Energy and commodities00+++−−
Gold00++++
Inflation-linked bonds0+00
Long-dated quality sovereigns0−−0++
Emerging-market equities+0++−−
Cash in base currency000+
Bitcoin · off-scale ↗AdoptionRates / accessAccess / liquidityIndirect linkLiquidity / confidence
++favourable+moderately favourable0mixedunfavourable−−very unfavourable

Qualitative sensitivities from the report, not expected returns. Bitcoin shows the factors to verify and remains outside the scores. Column S5A represents disinflation: in the fiscal sub-case S5B, long-dated sovereigns can lose their protective function.

Listed exposures retain market, valuation and funding risk.GIANPAOLO MARCUCCI   /   08 — 11
09Productivity, debt and manufacturing

Italy needs
diffusion.

The decisive step is from demo to factory: design, quality control, maintenance and logistics.

16.4%Italian firms using AI · 2025
20.0%EU firms using AI · 2025

Firms with at least 10 employees in the sectors covered. Adoption is an input; results are measured in output, quality and income.

Debt / GDP: sensitivity to nominal growth
Debt / GDP: simulation with 3% nominal growthDebt / GDP (%)1301402026202920322035130,6
Selected scenarioReference: 3% growth
130.6%debt / GDP in 2035

With nominal growth at 3%, the ratio falls by 7.6 points of GDP relative to 2026.

Simulation, not forecast: initial debt of 138.2% in 2026 (IMF projection); average cost 3.5%, primary surplus 1.5% of GDP and zero stock-flow adjustments, held constant. Nominal growth includes prices; it is not equivalent to AI productivity.

10The operational step

From thesis
to instrument.

Open a card: function, ISIN, cost and selection conditions.

S1 · Managed multipolarity. A global base, an electricity supply chain and an exposure to automation: check overlaps, prices and composition.

01 Define the function02 Check the added risk03 Assess price and total cost04 Size the tolerable loss
The report's shortlist, not buy orders. Data and documents as at 12 September 2026; no real-time updates.GIANPAOLO MARCUCCI   /   10 — 11
11The conclusion for capital

Own what
most futures require.

Energy, compute, grids, automation and security. With sustainable valuations and protections consistent with the shock.

DalioIdentify the forces that change the system.
TetlockUpdate judgements when the evidence changes.
Asset allocationLimit the cost of error and preserve options.
Diffused productivityAI revenues / capital investedOperational gridsTerm premiumAdoption in firms
Sources, scope and method ↗
01Ray Dalio · Principles for Dealing with the Changing World Order (2021); preparatory text The Changing World Order02Chang, Chen, Mellers and Tetlock · Developing expert political judgment03Henry Farrell and Abraham L. Newman · Weaponized Interdependence: How Global Economic Networks Shape State Coercion04Brynjolfsson, Rock and Syverson · The Productivity J-Curve: How Intangibles Complement General Purpose Technologies08Cazzaniga et al., IMF · Gen-AI: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work09Stanford HAI · The 2026 AI Index Report10OECD · Venture capital investments in artificial intelligence through 202512International Energy Agency · Key Questions on Energy and AI, Executive summary15International Federation of Robotics · World Robotics 2025: Global Robot Demand in Factories Doubles Over 10 Years16European Central Bank · The international role of the euro18Mario Draghi / European Commission · The future of European competitiveness: A competitiveness strategy for Europe, Part A19International Monetary Fund · Executive Board Concludes 2026 Article IV Consultation with Italy20ISTAT · Imprese e ICT - Anno 202521Eurostat · 20% of EU enterprises use AI technologies24ECB and ESRB · Joint report on financial stability risks from geoeconomic fragmentation26MSCI · MSCI World Index (USD), Index Factsheet44The White House · Establishment of the Strategic Bitcoin Reserve and United States Digital Asset Stockpile45Adrian, Iyer and Qureshi / IMF · Crypto Prices Move More in Sync With Stocks, Posing New Risks46International Monetary Fund · Tokenized Finance, IMF Note 2026/00147Tobias Adrian / IMF · Tokenization Can Change The World’s Financial Architecture48VanEck · VanEck Bitcoin ETN (VBTC), monthly fact sheet49VanEck · VanEck Bitcoin ETN, product page50Satoshi Nakamoto · Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System

Overview of the DALIO 2.0 report by Gianpaolo Marcucci. Data consulted on 12 September 2026, with periods indicated in the charts. Sources for the 16 instruments in their respective cards. Scenario weights and the matrix are the report's judgements; the simulator applies dₜ = [(1+i)/(1+g)] × dₜ₋₁ − p, with no endogenous reactions. The simulations do not causally estimate the effect of AI.